Art 8 Final Study Guide

Art 8 Final Study Guide

ART 8 FINAL STUDY GUIDE

ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ART:

ELEMENTS OF ART:

Color= HUE

• Primary colors: Colors that cannot be made by mixing any colors together. Red, yellow, blue.

• Tertiary Colors:made by mixing a primary and a secondary color together (red-orange, yellow-green, blue-violet, red-violet, blue-green, yellow-orange.)

Secondary Colors:Colors made by mixing two primaries together (orange, green, violet)

Complementary Colors – colors that are across from each other on the color wheel. Complementary colors contrast one another (make each other look brighter)

Red and green; blue and orange; violet and yellow.

Analogous colors: colors that are next to each other on the color wheel. Analogous colors are like a family of colors (yellow, yellow green, green)

Monochromatic colors: A color scheme consisting of one color

• Warm colors: red, orange, yellow

• Cool colors: blue, green violet

• Neutral Colors: Go with everything (black, white, brown, gray)

• Shade: When you add black to a color it become darker.

• Tint: When you add white to a color it becomes lighter.

Line - A line is an identifiable path moving in space. It can vary in width, direction, and length.

• Contour lines – define the edges and surface ridges of an object.

• Gesture lines:Lines that are quickly drawn to capture the expressive movement of a person.

• Blind Contour:The practice of creating a drawing by looking only at the object and not your paper.

Value is defined as the lightness & darkness of an area.

• Shading – A technique where the artist uses a drawing pencil to create dark and light values. This technique uses gradation and creates the most realistic rendering.

• Gradation: When the artist shades gradually from light to dark. This technique creates a realistic look.

• Highlight: The area receiving the greatest amount of light.

A value scale demonstrates values ranging from dark to light

Form: An element of art that is 3-dimensional having height, width and depth.

• Sculpture: a 3-dimensional object

Relief Sculpture: a type of sculpture that is flat on the back and raised from the front.

Space - The distances or areas around, between or within components of a piece.

Space can be positive or negative, open or closed, shallow or deep and two-dimensional or three-dimensional.

Sometimes space isn't actually within a piece, but the illusion of it is.

• Positive Space – the subject matter of a piece of artwork (the buildings in your perspective drawings, the letters in your name design, the instruments in your jazz collage)

• Negative Space – The empty area that surround the objects in a composition

Shape: This element of art refers to an enclosed space. Shape has two dimensions – height and width.

• Geometric Shapes: Any shape or form having a mathematical design – square, rectangle, etc.

• Organic Shapes: Shapes more closely related to nature.

Texture -An element of art that describes the way an object feels.

Actual Texture – The way an object ACTUALLY feels.

Implied Texture - This type of texture looks like it has texture but does not.

ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE:creates the illusion of 3-dimension.

Artists use one point perspective to show depth or space in their work.

Vanishing Point: A term used in perspective to describe the point on the horizon where parallel lines appear to meet.At the vanishing point, objects appear smaller and disappear.

Horizon Line: Where the land (or sea) and sky meet.

Parallel Lines: Lines that will never intersect (cross) one another.

Orthogonal Lines:Lines that converge at the vanishing point.

Vertical Line: A line that goes up and down and is perpendicular to the horizon line.

Birds-eye view: Where the observer would be stationed above the subject, looking down.

Worms-eye view: Where the observer would be stationed below the subject, looking up.

Atmospheric Perspective: In landscape drawing, the foreground would be rendered darker, the background is lighter, because of gases and pollution in the air.

Foreground: The part of the picture plane closest to the viewer. The foreground is rendered darker in a landscape.

Middleground: The part of the picture plane between the foreground and the middleground.

Background: The part of the picture plane furthest from the viewer. The foreground is rendered lighter in a landscape.

ARTISTS, TECHNIQUES and MORE TO KNOW!

Overlapping – When one thing lies over, partly covering something else.

Shaun Tan created the illustrative book called The Arrival

Composition – the arrangement of the elements of art.

Thumbnail Sketch – a small sketch used for planning

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