Online Resource

Online Resource 1

Whole-brain group differences (BPD > HC) during the perception of emotional stimuli

Anatomic Region / Lat / BA / Cluster size mm3 / Peak Talairach coordinates / t-max / p-max
x / Y / z
a) Perception of negative stimuli > Perception of neutral stimuli
Inferior frontal gyrus/
Insula / L / 13 / 8742 / -40 / 22 / 6 / -6.8 / .000000
Inferior parietal lobe / L / 40 / 1555 / -68 / -38 / 30 / -4.6 / .000049
Inferior frontal gyrus/
Insula / R / 13 / 7246 / 41 / 19 / 6 / -5.1 / .000011
Medial frontal gyrus / R / 10 / 939 / 14 / 43 / 12 / 4.3 / .000122
b) Perception of positive stimuli > Perception of neutral stimuli
Inferior frontal gyrus / L / 13 / 887 / -43 / 22 / 6 / -4.0 / .000325

Random effects (rfx) group analysis (BPD > HCS) of brain activity during perception of emotional pictures vs. neutral pictures. Activated areas with a voxel-wise threshold of p < .005 are given. a) Perception of negative stimuli > perception of neutral stimuli were greater in the BPD group compared to the control group. Minimum cluster size for global error probability of p < .05: 803 mm3 (30 functional voxel). b) Perception of positive stimuli > perception of neutral stimuli. Minimum cluster size for global error probability of p < .05: 648 mm3 (25 functional voxel). Abbreviations: BA = Brodmann area, Lat = Lateralization, R = right, L = left.

Online Resource 2

Intercorrelations of questionnaires in the patient group (Pearson's r)

Questionnaires / HAMD / MADRS / BDI / BSL-23 / DSS-4
HAMD / --- / .85*** / .71** / .55* / .61*
MADRS / .85*** / --- / .87*** / .77*** / .79***
BDI / .71*** / .87*** / --- / .77*** / .87***
BSL-23 / .55* / .77*** / .77*** / --- / .79***
DSS-4 / .61* / .79*** / .87*** / .79*** / ---

*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001

Online Resource 3

ROI group analyses in the BPD group versus the HC group

ROI
(Center Coordinates
x, y, z) / Cluster size mm3 / Ang > Ant / Auk > Ant / Aps > Ant
Amygdala R (19, -5, -17) / 721 / t = -.41
p = .69 (.102) / t = -.38
p = .71 (.09) / t = .02
p = .99 (.01)
Amygdala L (-19, -5, -17) / 721 / t = .32
p = .75 (.1) / t = .59
p = .56 (.02) / t = .32
p = .75 (.111)
V1 R (5, -86, -3) / 729 / t = 1.68
p = .10 (.48) / t = .15
p = .89 (.04) / t = 1.12
p = .07 (.08)
V1 L (-5, -86, -3) / 729 / t = 2.31
p = .03 (.62) / t = -.34
p = .73 (.1) / t = 1.13
p = .27 (.33)
LGN R (22, -22, -4) / 216 / t = 0.04
p = 0.97 (.01) / t = -1.06
p = 0.30 (.3) / t = .34
p = .74 (.1)
LGN L (-21, -23,-4) / 216 / t = -.23
p = .82 (.07) / t = -1.80
p = .081 (.52) / t = .08
p = .93 (.02)

ROI analysis of emotion anticipation conditions negative versus neutral (ang > ant), unknown versus neutral (auk > ant), and positive versus neutral (aps > ant) in the BPD group compared to the control group. Significant differences are given in bold (p < .05). Abbreviations: V1 primary visual cortex, LGN lateral geniculate nucleus, R right, L left

Online Resource 4

Correlations between the questionnaires andthe mean beta weights in the clusters (Pearson'sr)

Beta weightsof activation clusters / Questionnaires
DSS4-akut / BSL
a) Anticipation of negative stimuli > Anticipation of neutral stimuli
MCC / r = .32
p= .24 / r = -.11
p= .67
Dorsal ACC / r =.50
p= .06 / r = -.07
p= .78
Pregenual ACC / r =.28
p= .32 / r =.03
p= .91
Lingual gyrus / r =.07
p= .81 / r = -.33
p= .19
Posterior cingulate / r =.10
p= .73 / r =.01
p= .97
b) Anticipation of unknown stimuli > Anticipation of neutral stimuli
MCC /
Medial frontal gyrus / r = -.07
p= .82 / r = -.27
p= .29
Precentral gyrus / r =.29
p= .30 / r = -.17
p= .51
Intraparietal sulcus / r = -.01
p= .98 / r = -.43
p= .09
Middle frontal gyrus/ DLPFC / r = -.25
p= .37 / r = -.41
p= .10
Precentral gyrus / r =.07
p= .79 / r = -.40
p= .12
Inferior temporal gyrus / r =.02
p= .96 / r = -.01
p= .96

A p-value of p<.05, 2-tailed, wasconsidered as significant.No significant correlations between questionnaires and clusters of brain activity were found.

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