CONTENTS
“Traditional Chinese Medicine” Course Syllabus
“Diagnostics” Course Syllabus
“Bone and Joint System Radiology” Course Syllabus
“Respiratory System Radiology” Course Syllabus
“X-ray diagnosis of Abdomen” Course Syllabus
“Imaging of the Circulatory System” Course Syllabus
“CT diagnosis of Head” Course Syllabus
“CT Diagnosis in Chest” Course Syllabus
“CT Diagnosis in Abdomen” Course Syllabus
“MRI Diagnosis”Course Syllabus
“Internal Medicine” Course Syllabus
“Surgery” Course Syllabus
“Gynecology” Course Syllabus
“Obstetrics” Course Syllabus
“Pediatrics” Course Syllabus
“Lemology”Course Syllabus
“Neurology” Course Syllabus
“Ophthalmology” Course Syllabus
“Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery ” Course Syllabus
“Stomatology” Course Syllabus
“Dermatology & Venereology” Course Syllabus
“Psychiatry” Course Syllabus
“Emergency Medicine” Course Syllabus
“Traditional Chinese Medicine” Course Syllabus
Course name:Traditional Chinese Medicine
Hours:76 (60 Lecture; 16 Clinical practice)
Intended audience: Foreign Medical Students
Prerequisite courses: Anatomy
Textbooks and references:
1. Cao Hongxin. General introduction to TCM theory. Science Press. 2011.
2. Chen Zinong. Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion.Foreign Press. 2010.
I. Course type and purpose
“Traditional Chinese medicine”(TCM) is an introductory course that coversthe basic theory, basic features, diagnostic methods, and dialectical methods of traditional Chinese medicine. It uses a holistic concept and treatment method based on syndrome differentiation in the light of TCM and acupuncture theory. It takes into account the etiology and pathogenesis of disease, patient constitution, and anatomical points to establish the foundationalTCM treatment principles, prescription selection, and comprehensive clinical application.
Student evaluation: 60% of the final grade will be determined by a written test covering the theory portion of the course. The remainder 40% will be comprised of other non-written evaluations.
II. Course Introduction
This course covers the basic theory and basic knowledge of TCM, internal medicine disease, and acupuncture. Emphasis will be placed on the basic theory of TCM, diagnosis, the basic theory of meridian-collaterals and acupoints, manipulation methods, acupuncture treatment, and Chinese massage. The basic theory of TCM is composed of the basic concepts of Yin and Yang, the theory of the five elements, the theory of five-zangs and six-fus, and the theory of qi, xue, bodily fluids, and blood. Time will also be spent understanding and applying the basic diagnostic principles of TCM, the four diagnostic methods, the differentiation of the eight principal syndromes, and the differentiation of visceral syndromes. We also introduce the general theory of channels and colleterals and the commonly used acupoints. We show the basic theory of meridian-collaterals and Chinese massage and introduce how to use acupuncture to treat disease.
III. Goals and Objectives
- Cultivate an interest in TCM.
- Master the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine。
- Master the syndrome differentiation method of TCM, which can be used in treatment decisions.
- Master the commonly used acupoints.
- Master the basic method of acupuncture/massage treatments to treat disease.
IV. Teaching contents and arrangements
Chapter 1: The Basic Theory of TCM
1．Beginning, formation, and development of the theoretical system of TCM
2．Basic characteristics of TCM
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
1.1 / 1
1.2 / 1 / √
Chapter 2: The Theory of Yin and Yang and the Five Elements
1. The theory of Yin and Yang
2. Uses of the theory of Yin and Yang in TCM
3. The theory of the Five Elements
4. Application of the theory of the Five Elements in TCM
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
2.1 / 2 / √
2.2 / 2 / √
Chapter 3: The theory of the 5-zangs and 6-fus.
1. The functions of each organ.
2. The relationship between 5-zangs; The relationship between 6-fus; the relationship between 5-zangs and 6-fus.
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
3.1 / 5 / √ / √
Chapter 4: Theory of qi, body fluid and blood.
1．The concept, functions, formation and classification of Qi.
2．The relationship between Qi and blood.
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
4.1 / 1 / √ / √
4.2 / 1 / √
Chapter 5: Pathogenic factors
1.The pathogenic characteristics of the 6 exogenous factors(wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness, and fire)in TCM.
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
5.1 / 1 / √
5.2 / 1 / √ / √
Chapter 6: Diagnostic methods of TCM
1. The four diagnostic methods.
2. Differentiation of syndromes.
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
6.1 / 6 / 4 / √ / √
6.2 / 10 / 4 / √
Clinical Practice
1.Lecture
Review key content (1 h)
Know the inspection of spirit, identify the five morbid complexions, identify the characteristics and clinical significance of an abnormal tongue and pulse.
2.Photos (0.5 h)
Enhance study of the diagnostic methods with patients’photos.
3.Case analysis(teacher-student interaction) (1 h)
Analysis of common cases, further understanding of the clinical significance of the four diagnostic methods.
Students to discuss;Teachers provide comments
4.Clinical Practice (1.5 h)
Divide students into four groups; each group practices interviewing, observation of the inspirit, complexion, tongue coating, tongue shape, and tongue body; learn the method of pulse-taking by palpating patients’ pulses.
Chapter 7 Principles of Treatment
1. Etiology and pathology
2. Principles of Treatment
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
7.1 / 0.5 / √
7.2 / 0.5
Chapter 8 General Introduction to Meridians
1.Composition
2.Physiological functions and pathogenic changes
3. Clinical application
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
8.1 / 2 / 4 / √
8.2 / 0.5 / √
8.3 / 0.5
Chapter9 General introduction to acupoints
1.Classification of acupoints
2.Functions of acupoints
3.Methods for locating acupoints
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
9.1 / 0.5 / √
9.2 / 0.5 / √
9.3 / 1 / √
Chapter 10 Meridians and points
1.The lung meridian of hand–taiyin
2.The large intestine meridian of hand–yangming
3.The stomach meridian of foot–yangming
4.The spleen meridian of foot–taiyin
5.The heart meridian of hand–shaoyin
6.The small intestine meridian of hand–taiyang
7.The bladder meridian of foot–taiyang
8.The kidney meridian of foot–shaoyin
9.The pericardium meridian of hand–jueyin
10.The sanjiao meridian of hand–shaoyang
11. The gallbladder meridian of foot–shaoyang
12. The liver meridian of foot–jueyin
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
10.1-10.4 / 1 / √
10.5-10.8 / 1 / √
10.9-10.12 / 1 / √
Chapter 11: Manipulation Methods
1.The structure，specification and storage of filiform needle
2.Preparations Prior to Acupuncture Treatment
3.Needling Methods
4.Manipulations and Arrival of Qi
5.Reinforcing and Reducing Methods
6.Management of possible accidents and Cautions
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
11.1 / 0.5 / √
11.2 / 0.5
11.3 / 1 / 0.5 / √
11.4 / 0.5 / √
11.5 / 0.5 / √
11.6 / 0.5 / √
Chapter 12: Acupuncture treatment
1．Examination and syndrome differentiation
2．General Principles of Acupuncture Treatment
3．Therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion
4．Selection and Compatibility of acupoints
5．Acupuncture Therapy of the Common Diseases
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
12.1 / 0.5
12.2 / 0.5 / √
12.3 / 0.2
12.4 / 0.8 / √
12.5 / 2 / √ / √
Practices
1.Lecture (1 h)
Review key content: Masterthe main content of acupuncture treatment,such as needling methods, general principles of acupuncture treatment, indicationsforacupuncture treatment, precautions and management of possible accidents, commonly used acupuncture points.
2.Simulation exercises (1h)
Let the students practice the needling methods with paper.
3.Clinical Practice (2 h)
Pick two or three patients who need acupuncture treatment,tell the patients’ condition to the students, explain to the students how to select the points on the patients, and show them how to manipulate the needle.
Chapter13General Introduction to Chinese Massage
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
13 / 0.2
Chapter14 Acting Principle
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
14 / 0.2 / √
Chapter15 Therapeutic Principles of Reinforcement and Reduction in Chinese Massage
1.Therapeutic principles
2.Reinforcement and reduction in massage
3.Indications, contraindications, and important points in massage
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
15 / 0.6
Chapter16 Commonly Used Manipulations in Massage
- Manipulations used in adult massage
- Manipulations used in infant massage
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
16.1 / 3 / √
16.2 / 1 / √
Chapter17 Clinical Treatment with Chinese Massage
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside ClassroomChapter / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Others
17 / 3 / √
V. Clinical Practice
1.LectureReviewkeycontent (1h)
Master themaincontentofChinese Massage,suchasthe Acting principle of Chinese Massage; Therapeutic principles of reinforcement and reduction in Chinese Massage; Reinforcement and reduction in Chinese Massage; Indications,contraindications, and important points of consideration in Chinese Massage; Commonly used Chinese Massage manipulation techniques.
2.Chinese Massageexercises(1h)
Letthestudentspractice Chinese Massage manipulations with each other.
3.ClinicalPractice(2 h)
Select threeorfourpatientswhoneedChineseMassagetreatment,tellthepatients’condition to thestudents, explain to the students how to select the Chinese Massage manipulations,andshowthemhowtomanipulate.
VI. Exam patterns
Closed-book examination；
Closed-book exam score counts for 60% of the grade; Regular assignments count for 40%.
Note: The contribution levels of professional courses are determined according to the professional requirements of knowledge, ability, and quality cultivation. The contribution levels of basic courses are determined according to the University requirements of knowledge, ability, and quality cultivation.
Syllabus Editor: Liu Yi
Syllabus Reviewer: Liu Yong Hui
1
“Diagnostics” Course Syllabus
Course name: Diagnostics
Hours: 158 (90 lecture; 68 clinical practice)
Intended audience: Foreign Medical Students
Prerequisite courses: none
Textbooks and references:
Yang Lan, Wei Xiaohong. Diagnostics, Dean’s Office of Xi’an Jiaotong University, November 2004
I. Course type and purpose
Type: Basic theory and Basic skill
Purpose: To study the basic theory and basic skill of inquiry and physical examination, to help students grasp the fundamental principles and methods of diagnosing disease.
II. Course Introduction
Diagnostics is both a basic theory, basic knowledge, basic skill course and a bridge course for medical students from foundational academic medicine to clinical medicine. Diagnostics includes interviewing,common symptoms, physical examination (general examination, head and neck, thorax examination, lung examination, heart examination, abdominal examination, spine, extremities examination, nervous system examination), electrocardiogram, laboratory diagnosis (blood, bone marrow tests, bleeding and clotting tests, urine and stool tests, liver and kidney function tests, examination of CSF and body fluid), ultrasonic diagnosis (abdomen, echocardiography), and medical record writing. Students are taught using multimedia lectures. Clinical practice is taught through practicing physical examination skills on fellow students, patient demonstrations, analyzing laboratory results and electrocardiograms, and writing medical records.
III. Goals and Objectives
1．Multimedia teaching
2．Clinical practice
IV. Course Content and Schedule
Section I: Introduction
1. The importance of learning Diagnostics
2. Basic contents of Diagnostics
3. The ways of learning
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside classroomChapters / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Other
1 / 1
Section II: Interviewing
* 1. The importance of interviewing
**2. The ways of interviewing
*3. The outline for a medical interview
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside classroomChapters / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Other
1 / 1 / 4 / √ / √ / √ / √
Section III: Common Symptoms
*1. The causes, mechanism and clinical significance of fever, edema and dyspnea
2. The effects of the analysis of symptoms to the diagnosis of illness
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside classroomChapters / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Other
1 / 2 / √ / √ / √
Section IV: Physical Examination
Chapter 1 General Principles
*1. The Importance of physical examination
**2. The technique of inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation
Chapter 2 General Examination
*1. The normal and abnormal signs and clinical significance of development and habitus, nutrition, facial feature and expression, position and posture, skin and lymph nodes
**2. Measurement of temperature
*3. The contents of general examination
**4. Differentiation of jaundice
**5. Measurement of sequence and maneuver of lymph nodes
Chapter 3 Head, Eyes, Nose, and Throat
1. The contents of examination of head, eyes, nose, and throat
*2. The normal and abnormal signs and clinical significance
*3. Measurement sequence and head maneuvers
Chapter 4 Neck
1. The contents of examination of neck
*2. The normal and abnormal signs and clinical significance for carotid artery, jugular vein, thyroid and trachea
*3. Measurement of sequence and maneuver of carotid artery, jugular vein, thyroid and trachea
Chapter 5 Thorax
A. Anatomic consideration
**1. The landmarks of the chest
*2. The underlying anatomy of the lungs
B. Chest wall, thorax and breast
Inspection and palpation for the chest wall, thorax and breast
C. Lungs and pleura
**1. The sequence, contents and methods of inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation for lungs
2. The palpation and auscultation for the pleura
**3. The mechanism and clinical significance of tactile fremitus and abnormal percussion
*4. The features and distinguish of various breath sounds
*5. The features of various rales
6. The physical examination and positive signs of common pulmonary diseases
7. Writing record
D. Heart and blood vessels
**1. The sequence, contents and methods of inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation for heart
**2. The mechanism and distinguish of S1 and S2
*3. The features of splitting and extra heart sound
*4. The mechanism and clinical significance of cardiac murmur
**5. Auscultation of systolic and diastolic murmur
*6. The auscultation of common arrhythmias
**7. The measurement of blood pressure
8. Inspection, palpation, and auscultation for blood vessels
*9. The physical examination and positive signs of some common cardiovascular diseases
10. Writing record
Chapter 6 Abdomen
A. Anatomic considerations
* The division of abdomen and the structures located in each areas
B. Physical examination
**1. The sequence, contents and methods of inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation for the abdomen, particularly for liver, gall bladder and spleen
**2. The normal and abnormal signs and clinical significance of inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation for the abdomen, particularly for liver, gall bladder and spleen
*3. The physical examination and positive signs of some common cardiovascular diseases
4. Writing records
Chapter 7 Spine and extremities
A. Spine
*1. The sequence, contents and methods of examination for spine
*2. The normal and abnormal signs and clinical significance of examination for spine
B. Extremities
*1. The sequence, contents and methods of examination for extremities
*2. The abnormal signs and clinical significance of spoon nails and clubbed fingers
Chapter 8 Nervous system
1. The methods for testing muscle strength
*2. The sequence, contents and methods of examination for nervous reflex, including physical (superficial and deep tendon reflex), pathologic, and meningeal irritation signs
*3. The normal and abnormal signs and clinical significance of examination for nervous reflex, including physical (superficial and deep tendon reflex), pathologic and meningeal irritation signs
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside classroomChapters / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Other
1 / 2 / 1 / √ / √ / √ / √
2 / 2 / 1 / √ / √ / √ / √
3 / 4 / 1 / √ / √ / √ / √
4 / 2 / 1 / √ / √ / √ / √
5 / 22 / 32 / √ / √ / √ / √
6 / 10 / 4 / √ / √ / √ / √
7 / 2 / 2 / √ / √ / √ / √
8 / 2 / 2 / √ / √ / √ / √
Section V: Ultrasonic examination
Chapter 1 Basic knowledge
The basic knowledge of ultrasonic examination
Chapter 2 Abdomen
1. The clinical application of ultrasonic examination for liver, spleen, biliary tract system, pancreas and kidney
2. The ultrasonic examination in Gynecology and Obstetrics
Chapter 3 Echocardiography
1. Introduction of M-mode, 2D-echo and Doppler in clinical application
2. Some abnormal echocardiogram in cardiovascular disorders
……
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside classroomChapters / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Other
1 / 1 / √ / √ / √
2 / 3 / 2 / √ / √ / √ / √
3 / 4 / 2 / √ / √ / √ / √
Section VI: Electrocardiogram
Chapter 1 Basic knowledge
*1. The basic knowledge, electrophysiological bases and theory of ECG
*2. The clinical application and significance of ECG
**3. Correct operation of ECG machine
Chapter 2 Normal ECG
*1. The waves, segment, and durations of normal ECG
*2. The normal values of the waves, segment, and periods of ECG
Chapter 3 Abnormal ECG
*1. The characteristics of the abnormal ECG of atrial and ventricular enlargement, myocardial infarction, and common arrhythmias
2. Introduction of clinical application of Holter and exercise test
Methods of Instruction
Classroom time distribution / Outside classroomChapters / Lecture / Practice / Discussion / Assignments / Independent Study / Project / Other
1 / 1 / √ / √ / √
2 / 1 / 4 / √ / √ / √ / √
3 / 6 / 8 / √ / √ / √ / √
Section VII: Laboratory diagnosis
Chapter 1 Blood test
*1. Reference values and clinical significance of red blood cell count, hemoglobin determination, white blood cell count, and differential count (DC)
*2. Reference values and clinical significance of reticulocyte and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
3. Testing skill for RBC count, WBC count, DC and reticulocyte (RC) count
4. Morphological classification of anemia, hematocrit (Hct), MCT, MCH and MCHC
5. Common laboratory tests for hemolytic anemia
Chapter 2 Bone marrow examination
*1. Indication of bone marrow examination and clinical significance of cytological examination of bone marrow
2. Classification and proportion of normal bone marrow cells
3. Blood and bone marrow characters of common blood diseases(aplastic anemia, iron deficiency anemia, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)
4. Differential diagnosis value of common cytochemical staining in acute leukemia (POX, SB, NSE, NAP, PAS and iron staining)
Chapter 3 Bleeding and clotting tests(examination of hemostasis and coagulation disorders)
1. Common causes of hemostasis and coagulation disorders
*2. Reference values and clinical significance of common tests in hemostasis and coagulation disorders(bleeding time, platelet count, capillary resistance test, clot retraction test, clotting time, kaolin partial thromboplastin test, prothrombin time and thrombin time)