Z7contribute to the Movement and Handling of Individuals to Maximise Their Physical Comfort

Z7Contribute to the movement and handling of individuals to maximise their physical comfort

Elements of competence

Z7.1Prepare individuals and environments for moving and handling

Z7.2Assist individuals to move from one position to another

Z7.3Assist individuals to prevent and minimise the adverse effects of pressure

Summary

This unit is concerned with the movement, handling and treatment of individuals to maximise their physical comfort. It covers moving the individual from one position to another where they need such help and assisting the client to minimise and prevent the adverse effects of pressure. Individuals who are moved and handled may be conscious or unconscious as the same standard of care are expected.

Who this unit is aimed at

This unit is designed to be applicable to all individuals in all care settings for whom such support is necessary.

Principles of good practice

The assistance that is provided to individuals is in accordance with their needs and wishes and is with the aim of enabling them to be as self-managing as possible. This unit emphasises the importance of involving the individual in making decisions about the assistance they need, the extent to which they are involved and also the techniques that are used. Equally important is the need for the worker to consider, and assess the risks to the health and safety of individuals, themselves and other workers who are involved in moving and handling individuals.

Relationship to other units

Moving and handling techniques are also covered in CU1, but in that unit they relate mainly to moving and handling heavy/bulk items (such as equipment, deliveries, furniture, etc). As it is important to communicate effectively with individuals, including those who are unconscious, there are also links to unit CL1.

Placement in SVQ framework

This unit occurs in the following qualifications: Care Level 2; Care Level 3; Diagnostic and Therapeutic Support Level 3; Dialysis Support Level 3; Promoting Independence Level 3

Evidence Requirements for this unit

You must provide your assessor with evidence for all the Performance Criteria and all aspects of Range and Knowledge. The evidence must be provided in the following ways, taking account of any Special Considerations, which may be noted below:

Special Considerations

None

1Direct Observation

Your assessor must observe you in real work activities, which provide at least some of the evidence for each element in this unit. During these observations you will meet many of the Performance Criteria (PCs) and as many aspects of the Range Categories as possible.

PCs, which might not be observed by your assessor, include: Z7.1.2, Z7.1.10, Z7.2.3, Z7.2.6, Z7.2.9, Z7.3.5.

You can, of course, cover these PCs during the observations if the opportunity arises.

2Other types of evidence of your performance and knowledge

Your assessor will also want to see other evidence to feel confident that you can consistently repeat this standard of work and to cover those performance criteria and aspects of range, which are not met during the observations. They will also want to see evidence that you know, understand and can apply in practice the knowledge which is listed in the specification. Your assessor may decide that you have already demonstrated some knowledge and understanding when they observe you working.

You will need to agree, and review an assessment plan with your assessor so that you can collect sufficient evidence to show that you are competent and meet the requirements of the unit. You will need to discuss with your assessor what will be acceptable. Types of evidence could include:

• products of your work
• statements from other people who have seen you working (witness testimony)
• simulations
• questioning, oral or written
• case studies, projects, assignments and reflective accounts of your work.

Z7.1Prepare individuals and environments for moving and handling

Performance criteria / Type of evidence — state evidence index no(s) / Date
DO / P / W / RA / Q / Other
1The personal risks for the individual, and to those assisting the individual, are assessed and the results of the assessment are used to plan the move
2Where the worker’s own assessment indicates that there is a risk to the personal health and safety of the individual client or those assisting the individual, advice is sought promptly from an appropriate member of the care team before any move is carried out
3The level of support required is agreed with individuals and they are supported in being as self-managing as possible
4Actions and support provided to individuals are consistent with the plan of care and the outcome of the worker’s own assessment
5Before starting the move, the reasons are explained clearly to the individuals in a manner which encourages their understanding and co-operation
6The immediate environment is appropriately prepared for the proposed move in agreement with those concerned and potential hazards are removed
7Individuals are assisted to reach a safe, comfortable position consistent with their plan of care
8The worker’s clothing and footwear is consistent with safe moving and handling procedures
9The hoisting or other equipment which is selected is suitable for the individual and confirmed as safe before use
10Appropriate assistance that is required to enable the worker to move and handle the individual safely is sought without delay

Z7.1Prepare individuals and environments for moving and handling

Range

/ Type of evidence — state evidence index no(s) / Date
DO / P / W / RA / Q / Other
1Individuals
a)able to participate in the move
b)not able to participate in the move
2Moving and handling methods:
a)change of position
b)transferring using equipment
c)manually assisted or supported transfer

Notes on this element

Reasons for moving and handling would include transfer from one sitting/lying position to another (such as from a wheelchair to a chair, from lying to sitting or from sitting to standing), assisting individuals to sit or turn in bed, moving individuals in order to make beds when individuals are occupying them, transferring individuals from beds to trolleys.

Methods to change position would include:

1Bridging, which involves:

a)the individual bending knees and raising bottom prior to being given a bedpan

b)the individual bending knees and raising bottom prior to moving across the bed for rolling/turning in bed to ensure the individual is then left in the middle of the bed.

2Rolling

3Turning

4Use of a transfer board to enable a seated individual to move/be moved from one seated position to another (e.g. bed to wheelchair)

Any hoisting or other equipment should be appropriate to the individuals and may include the use of hoists, trapezes, slings.

Preparation of the environment would include the removal of furniture, rugs etc.

Individuals who are not able to participate in the move (Range 1) would include individuals who are unconscious or who have a condition that prevents their participation (e.g. paralysis).

Z7.2Assist individuals to move from one position to another

Performance criteria / Type of evidence — state evidence index no(s) / Date
DO / P / W / RA / Q / Other
1Individuals are encouraged to contribute to the moving process consistent with any limiting abilities which they have
2Moves and changes of position are carried out in a manner which takes into account the individual’s advice in the most appropriate method and equipment
3Where the individual’s advice and wishes conflict with safe practice, this is referred to the appropriate person without delay
4Moving and handling methods used are appropriate to the individual, their condition, the worker’s personal handling limits and the equipment available
5Moves and changes of position are carried out in a manner which minimises the individual’s pain, discomfort and friction and maximises their independence, self-respect and dignity
6Where the worker is moving or changing the position of the individual with another’s help, the appropriate explanations are given to co-ordinate their actions
7Individuals are supported throughout by verbal and non-verbal means in a manner, and at a level and pace appropriate to them
8Full and accurate details are recorded in the plan of care when the worker and the individual find a method of moving and handling which is acceptable to both of them and is consistent with organisational and legal requirement
9Changes in the individual’s condition are recorded and reported accurately, completely and without delay to the appropriate person
10Following changes of position, furniture and fittings are returned to their correct location

Z7.2Assist individuals to move from one position to another

Range / Type of evidence — state evidence index no(s) / Date
DO / P / W / RA / Q / Other
1Individuals
a)able to participate in the move
b)not able to participate in the move
2Moving and handling methods
a)change of position
b)transferring using equipment
c)manually assisted or supported transfer

Notes on this element

Reasons for moving and handling would include transfer from one sitting/lying position to another (such as from a wheelchair to a chair, from lying to sitting or from sitting to standing), assisting individuals to sit or turn in bed, moving individuals in order to make beds when individuals are occupying them, transferring individuals from beds to trolleys

Methods to change position would include:

1Bridging, which involves

a)the individual bending knees and raising bottom prior to being given a bedpan

b)the individual bending knees and raising bottom prior to moving across the bed for rolling/turning in bed to ensure the individual is then left in the middle of the bed.

2Rolling

3Turning

4Use of a transfer board to enable a seated individual to move/be moved from one seated position to another (e.g. bed to wheelchair)

Any hoisting or other equipment should be appropriate to the individuals and may include the use of hoists, trapezes, slings.

Changes in the individual’s condition (pc 9) may be changes in the individual’s known condition or changes in their general condition.

Z7.3Assist individuals to prevent and minimise the adverse effects of pressure

Performance criteria / Type of evidence / Date
DO / P / W / RA / Q / Other
1As agreed with the care team, the individual and their carers are encouraged to be as self-managing as possible, to participate actively in the prevention of pressure sores and are informed of factors which cause them
2Factors which contribute to the occurrence of pressure sores, and the ways that the individual and care team can minimise their effects, are discussed with the individual in a manner, and at a level and pace, appropriate to them
3The individual is dressed, positioned and supported in a manner which minimises the adverse effects of pressure and maximises their self esteem
4The individual is encouraged, and supported, to change position regularly in accordance with their plan of care
5Any changes in the individual’s condition are reported without delay to the appropriate person
6Activities to prevent and minimise pressure sores are carried out as specified in the plan of care
7Pressure relieving equipment is used correctly, cleaned, maintained and stored in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
8The individual is left in a position which is as comfortable as possible given their plan of care

Z7.3Assist individuals to prevent and minimise the adverse effects of pressure

Range

/ Type of evidence — state evidence index no(s) / Date
DO / P / W / RA / Q / Other
1Activities to prevent and minimise pressure sores:
a)frequent changes of position
b)use of specialised cushions, mattresses, beds and material

Notes on this element

Factors which contribute to the occurrence of pressure sores (pc 2) include immobility, rough/unsuitable material, skin condition, trauma, dampness, poor nutrition, poor circulation and friction.

Changes in the individual’s condition (pc 5) may relate to changes in existing pressure-related conditions or changes in the individual’s general condition.

The following may provide useful sources of evidence for this element:

-the worker’s demonstration of the use of pressure relieving equipment

Knowledge specification for the whole of this unit

You must show your assessor that you know and understand the following:

(the numbers after each knowledge statement refer to performance criteria)

Legislation, policy and good practice / Relates to performance criteria / State evidence index no(s)
1Why it is important to carry out a personal assessment of risk on every occasion of moving and handling even when the same individual is moved and handled frequently in the same setting / Z7.1.1
2The legislation which has an impact on moving and handling – both local, national and EC and the effects of this on the worker’s actions, including that which is specific to particular client groups (e.g. Mental Health Act) and that which is relevant to all (e.g. Health and Safety at Work Act) / Z7.1.2., Z7.2.4
3Why it is necessary to prepare the environment for moving and handling prior to attempting to move the individual / Z7.1.6
4Why it is necessary to wear the appropriate clothing and footwear, what this is and how inappropriate wear may cause problems for the worker or the individual / Z7.1.8
5Why it is important to offer to the individual explanations, reasons and reassurance for the move / Z7.1.5, Z7.2.1, Z7.2.7
6Why both unconscious and conscious individuals should be moved and handled with the same care and the same amount of communications / Z7.1.4
7Why the individual should not be dragged and the relationship of this to the prevention of pressure sores / Z7.2.5
8Why is it necessary take action if the individual’s condition changes and what changes there may be / Z7.2.9
9Why the environment should be restored after the change of position / Z7.2.10
10Why the individual’s advice on moving and handling should be taken into account and the ways in which the individual’s rights and self-worth can be determined during the moving and handling process. / Z7.2.5
11Why only safe moving techniques should be used and the potential consequences for the individual, the worker and others if they are not / Z7.2.8
12Why any change in the client’s skin should be reported without delay / Z7.3.5
Services and Products
13Sources of further help for moving individuals in different care settings (e.g. the ambulance service in the community) / Z7.1.10
14The different types of equipment/machinery which are available for moving and handling and the factors to take into account when selecting equipment and why the equipment should be appropriate to the individual and the possible consequences if it is not. / Z7.1.9, Z7.2.4, Z7.2.5
15The factors to consider when moving and handling alone as compared to moving and handling as part of a team / Z7.1.2, Z7.1.10, Z7.2.1, Z7.2.2, Z7.2.3, Z7.2.4
16The risks to the health and safety of individuals and those manually assisting a move/change of position and how to assess these and the adverse effects which inappropriate moving and handling methods may have on the individual and the worker / Z7.2.8
17The effects which moving and handling may have on particular individuals and the limits which may be imposed on movement by certain conditions / Z7.2.4, Z7.2.8
18The changes which may occur in the individual’s condition and what these might signify and how the individual’s condition might limit the worker’s actions / Z7.2.5, Z7.3.1, Z7.3.5

Factors which Influence What You Do

/ Relates to performance criteria
19The causes of pressure sores, the factors which contribute to their occurrence both intrinsic (such as skin condition, reduction in movement) and extrinsic (such as friction, bedding, moisture, moving and handling techniques) and how these factors can be minimised/prevented / Z7.3.1, Z7.3.2, Z7.3.7, Z7.3.8
20The individuals most at risk from pressure sores and the particular needs of different client groups / Z7.3.2
21The changes in skin condition and the look of normal skin for different racial groups / Z7.3.3., Z7.3.6
22The warning signs or symptoms of pressure sores, their location, when they are most likely to occur and the methods of prevention / the whole element Z7.3
23The factors reducing the risk of pressure sores including the management of them / the whole element Z7.3
24The worker’s role in preventing and minimising the effects of pressure and the relationship of this to the information which may be passed to individuals and carers / Z7.3.1, Z7.3.2

How to Achieve Important Outcomes

25The techniques and methods that are used to assess risk and the factors to take into account, and how this personal assessment differs from the organisation’s responsibility for overall risk assessment / Z7.1.1
26The range of different moving and handling techniques and those which are appropriate to different individuals and those which tend to be relevant to different client groups / Z7.1.9, Z7.2.2
27The methods of co-ordinating action when moving and handling as part of a team / Z7.1.10, Z7.2.6
28How to promote the independence of clients in moving and changing position and why this is important / Z7.2.1., Z7.2.5
29How moving to different position is used in the care of individuals / Z7.2.5
30The methods to assess the need to move the client, the degree to which the client can be an active participant in the move / Z7.2.3
Knowledge and understanding / Type of evidence — state evidence index no(s) / Date
DO / P / W / RA / Q / Other
There is sufficient evidence of knowledge and understanding for this unit
Evidence requirements / Type of evidence — state evidence index no(s) / Date
DO / P / W / RA / Q / Other
The evidence generated by the candidate meets the evidence requirements for this unit

Assessor/Internal verifier comments

Candidate’s nameAssessor’s nameIV’s name

Candidate’s signature Assessor’s signatureIV signature

DateDateDate

1

Unit: B6X3 04 (Z7) Contribute to the movement and handling of individuals to maximise their physical comfort