Name : ______
Date : ______
Types of Movement Across The Cell Membrane: NOTES
4 Main Ways:
1)DIFFUSION: ______
______
*A solute consists of the solid particles or molecules suspended in air or liquid.
Example: A foul odor in the corner of a room will spread out until it is evenly distributed.
Example: Cream in coffee will diffuse until concentrations are balanced.
- Diffusion refers to the process by which the ______
______
______
- Consider two containers of gas A and B separated by a ______. The molecules of both gases are in constant motion and make numerous collisions with the partition. If the partition is removed as in the lower illustration, the gases
______. In time a uniform mixture of A and B molecules will be produced in the container.
2)OSMOSIS: ______
______
______
- The solute cannot spread out______
______Therefore, water moves across the membrane from [high water conc.] to [low water conc.].
- Pressure caused by the concentration gradient between two different solutions is
called “______”. Hydrostatic pressure due to gravity will eventual offset the osmotic pressure.
- This osmotic pressure______
______.
3)FACILITATED TRANSPORT: (passive transport)
-______
______
______
- These solutes move across a membrane from an area of [______]
to an area of [______] with the help of a carrier molecule.
(______)
* ______is required for this process.
Example of solute (gas) using facilitated transport.
4. ACTIVE TRANSPORT: Solutes move from an area of [______]
to an area of [______] ______the concentration gradient. This process not only requires a protein carrier molecule, but it also
requires ______.
Example of solutes: Ions like Na+ , H + and I-
Example: Sugar (glucose) is removed from urine, by active transport, into the blood. Since there is already a lot of glucose in the blood, it is traveling against the concentration gradient.
- Example: Na+/K+ Pump. Found in nerve and muscle cells. ______
______
______