ECD SECTION 1.01
Understand interests, attitudes, and values
Interests
Interests–Our interests include hobbies and activities. Interests often require a bit more physical activity than hobbies.
The four main categories of interests are:
- People –interest in doing stuff with people
- Data–interest in numbers, categorizing, making lists
- Things–interest in making, building repairing/fixing things. Anytime the word fixing or repairing is used, it is likely a “Things” interest category.
- Ideas- interest in creative things or creating things.
Attitude- Attitudes characterized:
Attitude – Attitude could be described as our general view of the world. You may have heard a parent tell you “you have a bad attitude.” That means you have a negative attitude, seeing the bad side of things. A good attitude means you see the good side of things. Also, seeing the good in a bad situation or having an open mind about things is a positive attitude. Attitudes are summarized below:
1)Positive – Describe times you have a positive attitude. Open minded, seeing the good in a bad situation.
2)Negative - Describe times you have a negative attitude
Values–
Values tell us what is good, important, useful, desirable, appropriate...etc. Values generate behavior. Values answer the question of why we do what we do.(The word value is used in terms of money – what the value of something is - but that is not the way the term is used here.)Different types of values are listed below:
1)Relationships – such as family or friends. We value relationships with our friends and family.
2)Responsibility – such as responsibility for work, duties, others, chores
3)Achievement – such as advanced education, promotions, accomplishments
4)Compassion – such as caring for people or animals
5)Recognition – such as receiving awards or attention
6)Courage – such as doing the right thing even at risk of self harm
Painting, inventing, and singing
Possible answers:
• / Ideas
• / People
• / Things
Creativity, self-expression, and independence
Possible answers:
• / Ideas
• / Interests
• / Values
Cheerleading, debating, and studying
Possible answers:
• / hobbies.
• / information.
• / subjects.
Money, power, and prestige
Possible answers:
• / Data
• / Interests
• / Values
Wanting to spend time with family, having money, and fun
Possible answers:
• / Ideas
• / Interests
• / Values
Being friendly, pleasant, and positive are all examples of what?
Possible answers:
• / Ideas
• / Interests
• / Values
Fame, status, and power
Possible answers:
• / ideas.
• / interests.
• / values.
Which is an example of an interest in activities dealing with ideas?
Possible answers:
• / Cutting grass
• / Leading a club activity
• / Writing poetry
Baking, landscaping, and car repairing
Possible answers:
• / Data• / Ideas
• / People
• / Things
Notes for ECD 1.02
I.What is personality? Personality is the traits that make a person unique. Personality traits can be categorized by an individual’s actions, habits, feelings and thoughts. The categories of personality traits follow:
- Actions = Key action words are: Kicking, Helping, Playing
- Habits = Look for the pattern: ______when ______
example: laugh when nervous - Feelings = Key word is being. Being excited, being proud, being cheerful, being nervous.
- Thoughts = Key word is wishing. Thinking is wishing.
II.What are learning styles? Learning styles are the way a person thinks and learns. Learning styles are categorized as follows:
- Verbal/Linguistic – learns by saying, hearing, and seeing, reading. (Linguistic = words)
- Logical/Mathematical – learns by categorizing, classifying, and patterns.
- Bodily/Kinesthetic – learns by interacting and being in real space. Physical movement.
- Visual/Spatial – learns best by using the minds eye, colors and pictures. Key word is MAPS, MAPS, MAPS. Puzzles too!
- Musical/Rhythmic – learns best by rhythms and melodies. Concerts, Broadway, music.
- Interpersonal – learns best by sharing, cooperating, and comparing. Inter = between – between people.
- Intrapersonal– learns best by independent study. Intra = within – within person. Does things alone. Email, Journal writing. (a=1)
- Naturalistic – learns best by observing and learning about nature. Nature = camping, picking strawberries.
Editing the school newspaper
Possible answers:
• / Interpersonal
• / Verbal/Linguistic
• / Visual/Spatial
Emailing
Possible answers:
• / Interpersonal
• / Logical/Mathematical
• / Musical/Rhythmic
Making graphs, painting pictures, and reading maps
Possible answers:
• / Logical/Mathematical
• / Verbal/Linguistic
• / Visual/Spatial
Playing board games
Possible answers:
• / Interpersonal
• / Musical/Rhythmic
• / Naturalistic
Learns best by reading books, talking, and writing.
Possible answers:
• / Logical/Mathematical
• / Naturalistic
• / Verbal/Linguistic
ECD SECTION 1.03 - Understand personal and transferable skills
There are two major categories of skills. These are personal skills and transferable skills.
Personal skills – There are 3 personal skills - mental, physical and social.
- Mental skills – These are job skills using your mind. A pilot would primarily use his mental skills.
- Physical – These are job skills using your physical abilities. An athlete would primarily use her physical abilities.
- Social – These are job skills using your people skills. A sales person would primarily use her people skills to sell things.
Transferable skills – Transferable skills are skills you may learn at one job that you may be able to use at your next job. Some skills are not very transferable. If I am a dental hygienist who cleans teeth, my skill of using tools to clean teeth will not transfer to many other jobs. Thus this skill would not be transferable. As a dental hygienist, one must have good communication and listening skills when working with patients. These two skills – communication and listening – would be transferable skills to many, many other jobs. There are 8 transferable skills as follow:
- Communication skills – Communication skills include speaking and writing.
- Listening skills – Listening skills include sending and receiving messages.
- Problem-solving skills - Problem-solving skills include handling conflicts.
- Technology skills – Technology skills include computer knowledge, tech things.
- Decision-making skills – Decision-making skills include making wise decisions.
- Organizing and planning skills - Organizing and planning skills include time management. This is similar to the data category discussed in a previous section.
- Teamwork skills - Teamwork skills include working with team members. This is similar to the people category discussed in a previous section.
- Adaptability skills – Adaptability skills include adjusting to change.
Decision-making skill
Possible answers:
• / Following a plan
• / Talking to friends
• / Writing a novel
Adaptability skill
Possible answers:
• / Acting in a play• / Deciding what to eat
• / Making music
• / Programming an Ipod
Communication skill
Possible answers:
• / Reading
• / Skating
• / Traveling
Listening, thinking, and talking
Possible answers:
• / Organizing and planning
• / Problem-solving
• / Technology
Teamwork skill
Possible answers:
• / Being bossy
• / Running in a relay race
• / Talking out of turn
ECD SECTION 2.01 - Understand how interests and values influence career choices
Careers are grouped in categories that have similarities to personal interests. These career categories include careers that involve working with:
A.People – Like doing stuff with people
B.Data – Like Numbers, categorizing, lists
C.Things – Like Making, building, hands on
D.Ideas – Like Creativity
Values give direction and are part of who people are. Values should be considered when making career choices. Values that can guide career choices include:
- Creativity
- Independence
- Recognition
- Job security
- Variety
Creativity / Being able to produce or do something original
Recognition / Being respected or known for what you do
Independence / Being able to work on your own and at your own speed
Job Security / Having regular steady work
Variety / Being able to do different things
Coach, police officer, and principal are all examples of careers that match which value?
Possible answers:
• / Independence
• / Job security
• / Variety
Firefighter, emergency room nurse, and detective are all examples of careers that match which value?
Possible answers:
• / Independence
• / Recognition
• / Variety
Doctor, lawyer, and sales clerk involve working with which career category?
Possible answers:
• / Ideas
• / People
• / Things
Sam has worked with the same company for 20 years. His job does not change. Which value matches Sam’s career?
Possible answers:
• / Recognition
• / Job security
• / Variety
Creating, inventing involve working with which career category?
Possible answers:
• / Ideas
• / People
• / Things
ECD Section 2.02 Notes
ECD SECTION 2.02
Understand how personality influences career choices.
Categories of careers that have similarities to personality types. Personality Types are sometimes said to represent differences between people.
A.Realistic – nature lover, athletic, mechanical, likes working with equipment. May get dirty and sweaty. Farmer, athlete, zoo keeper.
B.Investigative – inquisitive, enjoys science and math, likes working with data. Police, detective, judge. Also scientific jobs as they investigate data and what is happening in the world. Weatherman is a meteorologist, scientist of the weather and looks at the data of what causes weather changes.
C.Artistic – imaginative, expressive, innovative, likes working with ideas. Like the Creative, Ideas category.
D.Social – outgoing, social, listener, likes working with people. Similar to People category.
E.Enterpriser – enthusiastic, leader, persuasive, likes working with people. Sells things like cars and food. Sells ideas as a preacher (sells what is right and wrong) or politician (sells/convinces people to support their policies and vote for them.
F.Conventional – detailed, structured, record keeper, likes working with data. Like the Data category.
Camp director, doctor, and dentist
Possible answers:
• / Conventional
• / Realistic
• / Social
Bookkeeper, party planner, and timekeeper
Possible answers:
• / Conventional
• / Enterpriser
• / Realistic
Katie is a track star
Possible answers:
• / Conventional
• / Enterpriser
• / Realistic
Bank teller, money counter, and record keeper
Possible answers:
• / Enterpriser
• / Investigative
• / Realistic
Beth has a career that requires her to file reports, count money, and put information in the computer.
Possible answers:
• / Conventional
• / Enterpriser
• / Social
Barber, cashier, and librarian
Possible answers:
• / Conventional
• / Investigative
• / Social
Car dealer, governor, and minister
Possible answers:
• / Enterpriser
• / Investigative
• / Realistic
Jacob is a hockey player
Possible answers:
• / Conventional
• / Enterpriser
• / Realistic
Dan is a waiter
Possible answers:
• / Investigative
• / Realistic
• / Social
3.01 Understand the world of work& how the world of work changes.
What is the world of work?
A. Types of work can be classified as:
Volunteer – work done for free, for example, working on the weekend for Habitat for Humanity
Job – work done to earn money or pay, for example, cleaning out your garage to earn money for a movie ticket.
Occupation – set of related or similar jobs in the same or related field or area of interest. Such as Medicine or Education. No progression/growth with the jobs.
Career – a series of jobs held over a period of time in the same or related field or area of interest (Such as Medicine or Education) where there is upward progression/growth with the jobs.
B. Types of work performed can be grouped in pairs based on the industry, or types of work such as:
Dentist and surgeon, Cashier and clerk, Hairstylist and barber, Plummer and carpenter, Coach and umpire
C.Non-Traditional careers – Careers that were traditionally done by the opposite sex.
Female Nurse = Traditional Career.
Male nurse = Non-traditional Career.
Male construction worker = Traditional.
Female construction worker = Non-traditional.
What are the reasons for participating in the world of work? (Are these reasons similar to values?)
A.Income - works for money/bonus
B.Identity – known as leader, team player
C.Lifestyle – being free to volunteer or be with family
D.Satisfaction – make yourself happy
E.Contribution – Help others
What factors contribute to changes in the world of work?
F.Global economy – Jobs moving overseas, Telephone assistance from India, around the globe
G.Technology – Computers do work of people, Keep appointments on a phone
H.Society – More women in the workplace, more women engineers
I.Workplace trends – Work from home, Be a lifelong learner
Kim has been an X-Ray technician, nurse, and surgeon. These are examples of which type of work?
Possible answers:
• / Occupation
• / Career
• / Volunteer
Which is an example of a workplace trend?
Possible answers:
• / Being concerned
• / Being optimistic
• / Being the best employee
Which is an example of something that demonstrates that a person’s reason for working is lifestyle?
Possible answers:
• / Missing family outings due to working on weekends
• / Receiving awards for being a top salesperson
• / Working nights in order to volunteer at a school during the day
Which is an example of a workplace trend?
Possible answers:
• / Being able to work from home
• / Being concerned about work
• / Being the best employee
Which is an example of how the global economy has changed the world of work?
Possible answers:
• / Many people work from home
• / People do not have to travel for work
• / Telephone assistance from India
A female engineer noticed that more women engineers are in her department than men. What world of work change has contributed to this increase?
Possible answers:
• / Technology
• / Society
• / Workplace trends
A librarian states he/she likes his/her job because he/she is able to meet people. What reason is the librarian working?
Possible answers:
• / Identity
• / Income
• / Lifestyle
Which is an example of how the global economy has changed the world of work?
Possible answers:
• / Most people work at home
• / No more weekend work
• / Required some jobs to be moved overseas
Ann works for a large company. Her office is in her home. What world of work change has contributed to this?
Possible answers:
• / Technology
• / Society
• / Workplace trends
David worked as a newspaper deliver, taxi driver, and waiter. These are examples of which type of work?
Possible answers:
• / Occupation
• / Career
• / Volunteer
It is important to Fred that his job supports his desire to be happy and enjoy working. This is an example of what reason for working?
Possible answers:
• / Identity
• / Lifestyle
• / Satisfaction
A counselor states he/she likes his/her job because he/she is able to help others. What reason is the counselor working?
Possible answers:
• / Identity
• / Income
• / Lifestyle
In six years, Jane worked as a teacher, counselor, and principal. These are examples of which type of work?
Possible answers:
• / Occupation
• / Career
• / Volunteer
ECD 3.02 Notes - Understand various skills needed for employment success.
This section begins with an overview of what are called Foundation Skills. The three Foundation Skills are Basic Skills, Thinking Skills and Personal Quality Skills. These are sets of skills necessary for success in the world of work. Basic, Thinking and Personal Quality Skills are discussed as follows:
Basic Skills– There are 5 skills that are considered to be “basic skills” and these are listed as follows: (You will not be required to know the definition of the 5 terms below, but to understand the overall concept of basic skills.)
- Reading – locates, understands, and interprets written information in prose and in documents such as manuals, graphs, and schedules
- Writing – communicates thoughts, ideas, information, and messages in writing, and creates documents such as letters, directions, manuals, reports, graphs, and flow charts
- Arithmetic/Mathematics – performs basic computations and approaches practical problems by choosing appropriately from a variety of mathematical techniques
- Listening – receives, attends to, interprets, and responds to verbal messages and other cues
- Speaking – organizes ideas and communicates orally
Thinking Skills - There are 6 skills that are considered to be “thinking skills” and these are listed as follows: (You will not be required to know the definition of the 6 terms below, but to understand the overall concept of thinking skills.)
- Creativity – generates new ideas
- Decision Making – specifies goals and constraints, generates alternatives, considers risks, and evaluates and chooses best alternative
- Problem Solving – recognizes problems and devises and implements plan of action
- Seeing Things in the Mind’s Eye – organizes, and processes symbols, pictures, graphs, objects, and other information
- Knowing how to learn – uses efficient learning techniques to acquire and apply new knowledge and skills
- Reasoning – discovers a rule or principle underlying the relationship between two or more objects and applies it when solving a problem
Personal Quality Skills - There are 5 skills that are considered to be “Personal Quality Skills” and these are listed as follows: (You will not be required to know the definition of the 5 terms below, but to understand the overall concept of personal qualities.)
- Responsibility – exerts a high level of effort and perseveres towards goal attainment
- Self-Esteem – believes in own self-worth and maintains a positive view of self
- Sociability – demonstrates understanding, friendliness, adaptability, empathy, and politeness in group settings
- Self-Management – assesses self accurately, sets personal goals, monitors progress, and exhibits self-control
- Integrity/Honesty – chooses ethical courses of action
This section of material also has questions dealing with transferable and workplace-specific skills. We will first look at transferable skills which we covered in section 1.03. The following notes for transferable skills come unchanged from that section. A great way to review this specific information would be to go back and work the questions for section 1.03.